https://www.giumelli.org/newspapers daily 0.75 2022-06-19 https://www.giumelli.org/newspapers/34jgkffmfxoukd09dmy9ug38mccwpe monthly 0.5 2021-12-17 https://www.giumelli.org/newspapers/blog-post-title-one-llpza-r5keb monthly 0.5 2021-12-17 https://www.giumelli.org/newspapers/blog-post-title-one-llpza monthly 0.5 2021-11-28 https://www.giumelli.org/newspapers/nlgcisatg8la39es9gqohy43w3q8lx monthly 0.5 2021-11-28 https://www.giumelli.org/home daily 1.0 2024-11-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/61ed59b7-0e1c-41bc-a447-c2f2f4220929/option+1.jpg Home - Francesco Giumelli Francesco Giumelli is associate professor in International Relations at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands. He completed his PhD in Political Science/International Relations at the University of Florence. His areas of expertise are international sanctions and illicit trade. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/83be0dc5-75f7-43e6-be84-27ed34b563f7/Cover_Mulino_Sanctions.jpeg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599417324901-89ARCH5K19K3BTAYRMMX/image-asset.jpeg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/65820d13-0d2c-41c5-94ad-781d76e7d671/GLITSS-logo.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599417380340-T7LBRK5CW5FQYUQ78732/image-asset.jpeg Home https://www.giumelli.org/targeted-sanctions daily 0.75 2020-09-07 https://www.giumelli.org/teaching daily 0.75 2022-04-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600150699946-0F1FF046NNYVYZBQ5VP1/Illicit+Trade+-+Summer+School Teaching - The Dark side of Globalization Summer and Winter School on Illicit Trade https://www.giumelli.org/about daily 0.75 2025-10-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1601331269855-YKN9NH37DR36K1LY41GY/UE5A1952.jpg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/408a8185-2de4-4add-8889-d47388ed69a0/4.0+Geneva+Sanctions+Training+Group+Photo+29-07-2022.jpg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599254317887-7IB8JBOG52RGRGZPS86N/20191021_171849.jpg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599254316687-MASFSJCF6O906AFIVWOK/WhatsApp+Image+2019-07-10+at+11.46.44.jpeg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599254385562-EJTN0EU52WCU227ZTFA4/BZXsJKnIAAEl4M2.jpg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599254432629-H3RIVYL2S12YWVTWZV83/Chatham+House.jpg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599254433288-JU9NQNIF0604ELVLGGAN/EU+CONFERENCE.jpg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599254316565-84M8YIF937AS6MFL1W5A/fullsizeoutput_61-1140x500.jpeg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599254398629-7TYSTIWJU7TL2831XTB6/foto_Chile.png About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599254468689-PH9LEO8B9LWU5FMVW0KH/2019-07-11+12.58.20-13.jpg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599254522340-CXY03C8H1Q9RLA7BE5QP/2019-04-26+14.39.39.jpg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599254754254-F4XFKD03ZJZYQJV8KDXS/IMG-20191213-WA0017.jpg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/5b8022ea-b7a3-407d-9b7e-48333557c00d/gsg_narcostate.jpg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/b4e1ca76-596f-47cd-9422-b1a4e0d2c57b/pim+and+francesco.jpg About https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/d3dfb6de-e460-4234-8fc1-3ce25dff1ad3/MLP_4279.jpg About https://www.giumelli.org/contact-me daily 0.75 2020-09-29 https://www.giumelli.org/research daily 0.75 2025-10-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599140102990-EVEE5FMR5R5IYER0M5GI/chuttersnap-eqwFWHfQipg-unsplash.jpg Research Areas - Illicit Trade Safety, Security and Sustainability https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/04efb1c4-ab6e-4e93-98b5-99717646dbd7/global+ir.jpg Research Areas - Global International Relations Variety of contestation in international politics https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599140318820-5YXVQW0MJILB31KMZ9ON/trade-war-sanctions-mts-2019-1000x640.jpg Research Areas - Targeted Sanctions Between words and swords in international politics https://www.giumelli.org/illicit-trade-group daily 0.75 2024-11-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599171129325-V2B0BYEJJHCT9O5PLPIU/el+chapo+money+seized Illicit Trade Group - Development, Security and Justice The research theme of Development, Security, and Justice (DSJ) explores the complex interplay between economic, political, and social development, security, and justice both in the national and international sphere. DSJ is one of the four research themes of the Rudolf Agricola School for Sustainable Development (RAS) at the University of Groningen. This theme is of critical importance to scholars, policymakers, and practitioners alike, as it seeks to address the challenges and opportunities that arise from efforts to promote inclusive, sustainable, and equitable development while simultaneously ensuring security and justice at all levels of society. At its core, this research theme examines and critically reflects on how development, security, and justice are key for the achievement of several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The development research line will examine how to improve the well-being and quality of life of individuals and communities. We stimulate research on various topics, including but not limited to poverty reduction, access to basic services (e.g., education, healthcare, water, and sanitation), financial inclusion, equality as well as trade and investment, resource management, and the cultural practices that are interconnected with international markets. The security research line will investigate the conditions necessary for protecting individuals, groups and societies from various threats posing challenges to human and collective security. Research covers various aspects of human security, such as poverty (development), climate change (see also the theme Risk, Crises & Resilience), and crime (justice), and peace promotion, in relation to terrorism, cyber threats, conflict resolution and peacekeeping. The justice research line will study the role of rules and regulations that are relevant to safeguard the achievement of sustainable and just societies with equal opportunities for all. This includes fundamental rights and judicial protection, as well as corruption, transnational organised crime and the responses to those by law enforcement, and takes into account the interactions between national, European and global norms and the role of regional and global institutions. Since development, security and justice are deeply interconnected, we investigate how they can be mutually reinforcing or mutually inhibiting. In particular, we will consider questions such as how economic development can contribute to or undermine security and justice outcomes, how security policies can impact development trajectories, and how justice systems can enhance or impede both development and security goals. We will be analysing the role of political, cultural and economic inequalities in underdevelopment, insecurity and injustice. The research theme DSJ encourages an interdisciplinary dialogue to recognize and prevent threats to sustainable development, while also examining the role that various actors, including states, international organisations, civil society groups, and private sector actors, play in various regional contexts. This is done encouraging critical reflections on understandings of development, security and justice, as well as engaging with methodological pluralism, ranging from ethnographic methods to data science tools. The aim of this theme is to enhance knowledge in the areas of development, security and justice. Together with societal organisations, we intend to work toward establishing inclusive patterns of development as a way to build prosperous, equitable and sustainable societies. For more information about the ongoing research of DSJ, contact me at f.giumelli@rug.nl and visit the website of the Rudolf Agricola School for Sustainable Development. https://www.giumelli.org/videos daily 0.75 2023-08-24 https://www.giumelli.org/eu-sanctions-database daily 0.75 2020-09-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599468173985-N1V4H1KSR451SVNDVMCO/EU+sanctions+database.JPG EU Sanctions Database - EU sanctions database The decisions to impose sanctions on Russia and to lift them on Iran, in opposition to the wishes of the United States, contributed to the elevation of the profile of the European Union among the main global actors in international politics. However, the EU imposes sanctions since the spring of 1994, shortly after the entry into force of the Treaty of Maastricht. Even though the EU consequently has 26 years of experience herewith, EU sanctions have been mostly studied only on a case-by-case basis. The aim of this article is to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the experience of the EU with sanctions. Specifically, it presents the results of a newly constructed database of EU autonomous sanctions constituted by 48 cases of these restrictive measures, which have been subdivided in 85 episodes. The analysis revolves around four questions that we asked in each case: when sanctions were in force, what type(s) were used, where the targets were located and why restrictive measures were imposed. The analysis of the empirical database leads to observations about the EU as an international actor and, more generally, on the trends vis-à-vis the utilisation of sanctions as a foreign policy instrument. https://www.giumelli.org/illicit-trade daily 0.75 2025-10-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599470242581-MGWO7QH6VYOFA8T83RVZ/https___i.pinimg.com_originals_8f_88_4d_8f884da8314967fc2000f9f745615661.jpg Illicit Trade - Illicit Trade The research on sanctions implementation is also a study of sanctions busting. Since sanctions are, in essence, a form of trade regulation, their circumvention relies on classical techniques of money laundering and smuggling that characterize most illicit trade activities. This phenomenon has now become my primary research interest. Building upon my work on sanctions busting, my research explores two key dimensions of illicit trade: The Gatekeepers I focus on the gatekeepers of globalization—those actors who operate simultaneously on the bright and dark sides of global exchange. They are the gatekeepers because, while engaging in illicit activities, they are also essential to the very functioning of globalization. International Cooperation on Illicit Trade I am interested in the mechanisms of international cooperation surrounding illicit trade. This involves a wide array of actors, both public and private, who collectively shape the impact of globalization on communities, states, and the global system as a whole. See the website of our Cost Action GLITSS. https://www.giumelli.org/ricerca-1 daily 0.75 2020-09-09 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599140102990-EVEE5FMR5R5IYER0M5GI/chuttersnap-eqwFWHfQipg-unsplash.jpg Ricerca - Commercio Illecito The Dark Side of Globalization https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599140318820-5YXVQW0MJILB31KMZ9ON/trade-war-sanctions-mts-2019-1000x640.jpg Ricerca - Sanzioni Mirate Tra diplomazia e guerra nelle relazioni internazionali https://www.giumelli.org/commercio-illecito daily 0.75 2020-09-09 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599470242581-MGWO7QH6VYOFA8T83RVZ/https___i.pinimg.com_originals_8f_88_4d_8f884da8314967fc2000f9f745615661.jpg Commercio Illecito - Commercio Illecito La ricerca sull’eseucuzione delle sanzioni e’ anche una ricerca sull’evasione delle sanzioni. Una sanzione non e’ altro che una regola sul commercio internazionale, pertanto i metodi per evaderla sono quelli classici del riciclaggio di denaro e del traffico di beni che caratterizzano gran parte del commercio illecito. Partendo dal lavoro sull’evasione delle sanzioni, la mia ricerca sul commercio illecito guarda a due dimensioni specifiche del problema. Il primo tema di ricerca si concentra sui gatekeepers della globalizzazione, ovvero quegli attori che partecipano sia alla produzione dei benefici della globalizzazione, sia al suo lato oscuro. Questi attori sono i gatekeepers perche’ nonostante le attivita’ illecite alle quali partecipano, sono anche strumentali all’esistenza della globalizzazione. Il secondo filone di ricerca riguarda i meccanismi della cooperazione internazionale in materia di commercio illecito.Lo scopo e’ quello di analizzare come e secondo quali norme la cooperazione tra attori statali e non statali viene organizzata e/o strutturata. Vai al sito dell’Illicit Trade Group (sono in inglese) per saperne di piu’. https://www.giumelli.org/sanzioni-mirate daily 0.75 2020-09-09 https://www.giumelli.org/summerwinter-school daily 0.75 2025-10-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600204437473-JH4JD1770XGIWA4LH2OW/wittig.jpg Summer&Winter School - Dr. Tim Wittig Tim Wittig holds a PhD in International Relations from the University of St Andrews, and is a research fellow at the University of Groningen. His research focuses on identifying and researching the social determinants of illicit trafficking, threat finance, and transnational organized crime, and how they intersect with other issues of international and environmental security. He is the author of numerous publications on these topics, including the book Understanding Terrorist Finance (Palgrave: 2011). In parallel to his academic work, Dr. Wittig has extensive experience as a practitioner, having worked for several years in the NGO sector on counter wildlife trafficking initiatives, in the defense/national security sector on counter threat finance and related issues, and as a consultant to public, private, and charitable sector clients. Prior to Groningen, Dr. Wittig has held a variety of university research and faculty positions, including at Johns Hopkins University, U.S. National Defense University, the University of Amsterdam, and the University of St Andrews. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/61ed59b7-0e1c-41bc-a447-c2f2f4220929/option+1.jpg Summer&Winter School - Dr. Francesco Giumelli https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1613998324279-INJESWIADIH1Z6Y2UEHD/image-asset.jpeg Summer&Winter School - Winter School 2021 The Winter School was organized online in January 2021. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600208849734-AD6O7AVH0G9KO5I4WRMV/Illicit%2BTrade%2B2019%2B-%2Bpicture.jpg Summer&Winter School - Summer School 2019 The course took place successfully in July 2019 in Groningen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1760452071359-UNYAQEFSDTWBS6CI7BPI/image-asset.jpeg Summer&Winter School - Summer School 2022 The Summer School was organized online in July 2022. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600208887977-SRJGNK3B010FOP8TL0TK/Illicit%2BTrade%2B2018%2B-%2Bpicture.jpg Summer&Winter School - Summer School 2018 The course took place successfully in July 2018 in Groningen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1679358330290-JIDM771V7ZMV61BBWNHB/global+ir.jpg Summer&Winter School - Summer School 2026 The programme is under construction, more information will be published soon. For information, please write to illicittrade@rug.nl https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600208689530-5GQLM1YN8OR9DGKG60HF/image-asset.jpeg Summer&Winter School - Summer School 2020 Due to the Covid-19 crisis, we decided not to offer the Summer School on Illicit Trade this year. It was a difficult decision, but we preferred not to contribute to the ongoing situation. We would like to express our gratitude to all people who are in the front-line to deal with this unprecedented crisis. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1760450778954-WG8AY7T64N9REWO92CXU/unsplash-image-SXcA2DfasvM.jpg Summer&Winter School - Summer School 2025 The course took place successfully in July 2024 in Brussels, Belgium. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1760450810959-LTU69SUMIC56J7JDLX0L/unsplash-image-p6gxHYb43v0.jpg Summer&Winter School - Summer School 2024 The course took place successfully in July 2024 in Warsaw, Poland. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600208922179-E6Z4PBAL79HI6OYDWJKH/Illicit%2BTrade%2B2017%2B-%2Bpicture.jpg Summer&Winter School - Summer School 2017 The first edition of the Summer School on Illicit Trade! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1760450844106-F1147V4HN46DHCQTZAED/unsplash-image-yhV1RqI4K50.jpg Summer&Winter School - Summer School 2023 The course took place successfully in July 2023 in Catania, Italy. https://www.giumelli.org/summer-school-2019-1 daily 0.75 2020-09-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600205582554-R75CTH9Z60URAGOL55SN/pict_fra.jpg Summer School 2019 - Dr. Francesco Giumelli Francesco Giumelli holds a Ph.D. from the University of Florence and is assistant professor in the Department of International Relations and International Organization at the University of Groningen. He has been Jean Monnet Fellow at the European University Institute and Fellow at the Kroc Institute of Notre Dame University. He wrote the ‘Success of Sanctions: Lessons Learned from the experience of the EU’ with Routledge/Ashgate, and ‘Coercing and Constraining and Signalling: Explaining UN and EU Sanctions after the Cold War’ with ECPR Press. He also authored reports for the European Union Institute for Security Studies and the European Policy Centre among others and gave talks at various international think tanks, such as Chatham House, the German Council on Foreign Relations and the Italian Institute for International Affairs. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600204437473-JH4JD1770XGIWA4LH2OW/wittig.jpg Summer School 2019 - Dr. Tim Wittig Tim Wittig holds a PhD in International Relations from the University of St Andrews, and is a research fellow at the University of Groningen. His research focuses on identifying and researching the social determinants of illicit trafficking, threat finance, and transnational organized crime, and how they intersect with other issues of international and environmental security. He is the author of numerous publications on these topics, including the book Understanding Terrorist Finance (Palgrave: 2011). In parallel to his academic work, Dr. Wittig has extensive experience as a practitioner, having worked for several years in the NGO sector on counter wildlife trafficking initiatives, in the defense/national security sector on counter threat finance and related issues, and as a consultant to public, private, and charitable sector clients. Prior to Groningen, Dr. Wittig has held a variety of university research and faculty positions, including at Johns Hopkins University, U.S. National Defense University, the University of Amsterdam, and the University of St Andrews. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600206855070-U50FFM6KKXAA6VA8T6WC/Marco-Zinzani.jpg Summer School 2019 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600206902417-3DD0JBQB6UEMHE0SXFLB/pim+geelhoed.png Summer School 2019 https://www.giumelli.org/summer-school-2018 daily 0.75 2020-09-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600207672751-3W32YYOGZRJRVSBGF6L3/2018-07-14+00.30.37.jpg Summer School 2018 The Coordinators: Francesco Giumelli (right) and Tim Wittig (left) https://www.giumelli.org/summer-school-2017 daily 0.75 2020-09-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600205582554-R75CTH9Z60URAGOL55SN/pict_fra.jpg Summer School 2017 - Dr. Francesco Giumelli Francesco Giumelli holds a Ph.D. from the University of Florence and is assistant professor in the Department of International Relations and International Organization at the University of Groningen. He has been Jean Monnet Fellow at the European University Institute and Fellow at the Kroc Institute of Notre Dame University. He wrote the ‘Success of Sanctions: Lessons Learned from the experience of the EU’ with Routledge/Ashgate, and ‘Coercing and Constraining and Signalling: Explaining UN and EU Sanctions after the Cold War’ with ECPR Press. He also authored reports for the European Union Institute for Security Studies and the European Policy Centre among others and gave talks at various international think tanks, such as Chatham House, the German Council on Foreign Relations and the Italian Institute for International Affairs. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1600204437473-JH4JD1770XGIWA4LH2OW/wittig.jpg Summer School 2017 - Dr. Tim Wittig Tim Wittig holds a PhD in International Relations from the University of St Andrews, and is a research fellow at the University of Groningen. His research focuses on identifying and researching the social determinants of illicit trafficking, threat finance, and transnational organized crime, and how they intersect with other issues of international and environmental security. He is the author of numerous publications on these topics, including the book Understanding Terrorist Finance (Palgrave: 2011). In parallel to his academic work, Dr. Wittig has extensive experience as a practitioner, having worked for several years in the NGO sector on counter wildlife trafficking initiatives, in the defense/national security sector on counter threat finance and related issues, and as a consultant to public, private, and charitable sector clients. Prior to Groningen, Dr. Wittig has held a variety of university research and faculty positions, including at Johns Hopkins University, U.S. National Defense University, the University of Amsterdam, and the University of St Andrews. https://www.giumelli.org/radio daily 0.75 2022-06-19 https://www.giumelli.org/publications daily 0.75 2025-10-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1663864715732-AD4WZZOYL34TZQXP5RT8/unsplash-image-2JIvboGLeho.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1663864900347-5L7XTFNS9D9FXMXUBQOS/unsplash-image-Oaqk7qqNh_c.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1663865179888-97KNVWKESE14D5EC8Q2W/unsplash-image-PWa6lW6toG4.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1663865260005-LH7F65LMF1Q4LO37QSZQ/unsplash-image-eJo-qLdbj0s.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1663865179888-97KNVWKESE14D5EC8Q2W/unsplash-image-PWa6lW6toG4.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1663865260005-LH7F65LMF1Q4LO37QSZQ/unsplash-image-eJo-qLdbj0s.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1663865325715-5OSPEXQVSU15I2124D8Z/unsplash-image-C7dZP5JoTzc.jpg https://www.giumelli.org/glitss daily 0.75 2022-11-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/a9a2f91e-4605-4121-9235-2f1d5f6056b2/glitss.jpg Globalization, Illicit Trade, Sustainability and Security (GLITSS) - CA21133 - Globalization, Illicit Trade, Sustainability and Security (GLITSS) Illicit trade affects all aspects of contemporary societies. By definition, the term “illicit” signals practices that are not permitted by law or disapproved of by society. It enables security threats to materialise, such as natural-resource-fuelled conflicts and terrorism. It presents safety hazards, such as those created by counterfeit medicines and drugs. It threatens the sustainability of our societies by consuming excessive planetary resources and undermining the regulated functioning of international markets. Yet, despite this obvious objective relevance, the discussion on illicit trade remains compartmentalized within disciplinary boundaries. It requires an interdisciplinary approach instead. The Globalization, Illicit Trade, Sustainability and Security (GLITSS) COST Action contributes to filling a research gap. Three working groups are established, focusing on the phenomena of illicit trade (the smuggling and trafficking of goods and money), the platforms behind it (norms, actors and regulations) and the responses to it (enforcement, alternative measures and legalisation). GLITSS creates an interdisciplinary research network characterised by the inclusiveness and epistemological diversity that defines the research field today. The objectives of the Action are to create a holistic research agenda on illicit trade practices, to increase public awareness with a view to enhancing societal resilience and to explore how technological innovation facilitates illicit trade, but can also be used to fight it. Governmental agencies, civil organizations and academics will benefit from a Europe-wide discussion on illicit trade. Ultimately, GLITSS will advise stakeholders on how to create a more resilient and sustainable society by identifying, understanding and countering illicit trade. For more information visit the website or email glitts (at) rug.nl https://www.giumelli.org/le-sanzioni-internazionali daily 0.75 2023-10-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/7a3096c7-acf4-439e-a4f4-fdf8eb5c8ae0/Cover_Mulino_Sanctions.jpeg Le Sanzioni Internazionali - Le Sanzioni Internazionali. Storia, Obiettivi ed Efficacia. Il Mulino, 2023 Nei mesi successivi all'invasione russa dell'Ucraina, ci siamo abituati a sentir parlare di pacchetti di sanzioni e congelamento di beni nei confronti di oligarchi russi. In realtà, la pratica di utilizzare sanzioni internazionali non contro Stati ma contro individui si è affermata solo da pochi anni nel diritto internazionale ed è ancora fortemente contestata, anche da membri permanenti del Consiglio di Sicurezza delle Nazioni Unite. In che modo le sanzioni sono diventate così centrali nella politica estera e quasi uno strumento di governance globale? Come sono cambiate nel tempo, chi colpiscono, come vengono eseguite e da chi? Sono davvero efficaci? Sono un'arma di pace o di guerra? Francesco Giumelli ci aiuta a comprendere il panorama della politica mondiale oggi. https://www.giumelli.org/books daily 0.75 2025-10-14 https://www.giumelli.org/edited-volumes daily 0.75 2025-10-14 https://www.giumelli.org/special-issues daily 0.75 2025-10-14 https://www.giumelli.org/journal-articles daily 0.75 2025-10-14 https://www.giumelli.org/reports daily 0.75 2025-10-14 https://www.giumelli.org/chapters daily 0.75 2025-10-14 https://www.giumelli.org/op/eds daily 0.75 2025-10-14 https://www.giumelli.org/projects daily 0.75 2024-11-29 https://www.giumelli.org/projects/glitss monthly 0.5 2023-03-08 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/667bae80-5ac4-4cd0-a8ea-e42580ed8f2b/GLITSS_IMAGE.jpg Projects - CA21133 - Globalization, Illicit Trade, Sustainability and Security (GLITSS) - CA21133 - Globalization, Illicit Trade, Sustainability and Security (GLITSS) Illicit trade affects all aspects of contemporary societies. By definition, the term “illicit” signals practices that are not permitted by law or disapproved of by society. It enables security threats to materialise, such as natural-resource-fuelled conflicts and terrorism. It presents safety hazards, such as those created by counterfeit medicines and drugs. It threatens the sustainability of our societies by consuming excessive planetary resources and undermining the regulated functioning of international markets. Yet, despite this obvious objective relevance, the discussion on illicit trade remains compartmentalized within disciplinary boundaries. It requires an interdisciplinary approach instead. The Globalization, Illicit Trade, Sustainability and Security (GLITSS) COST Action contributes to filling a research gap. Three working groups are established, focusing on the phenomena of illicit trade (the smuggling and trafficking of goods and money), the platforms behind it (norms, actors and regulations) and the responses to it (enforcement, alternative measures and legalisation). GLITSS creates an interdisciplinary research network characterised by the inclusiveness and epistemological diversity that defines the research field today. The objectives of the Action are to create a holistic research agenda on illicit trade practices, to increase public awareness with a view to enhancing societal resilience and to explore how technological innovation facilitates illicit trade, but can also be used to fight it. Governmental agencies, civil organizations and academics will benefit from a Europe-wide discussion on illicit trade. Ultimately, GLITSS will advise stakeholders on how to create a more resilient and sustainable society by identifying, understanding and countering illicit trade. For more information visit the website or email glitts (at) rug.nl https://www.giumelli.org/projects/sanctions-and-global-ir monthly 0.5 2023-03-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/c2a54dde-5619-4536-b695-6598b7ef64db/global+ir.jpg Projects - Sanctions and Global IR - Non-Western Approaches to Sanctions: Global Perspectives Sanctions have become the policy instrument of choice in support of a variety of foreign policy goals across the globe. Most of the literature about sanctions, however, is written from a sender perspective (typically from Western senders). This workshop at the University of Trento in Italy from December of 2022 brought together scholars from Europe, North America, South America, Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia to discuss narratives on sanctions from across the globe. Participants from both sanctions sending countries in Europe and North America and sanctions receiving countries like Iran and Russia were joined by others from emerging powers to discuss contemporary contestations of narratives around sanctions. Co-authors: Roberto Belloni, Thomas Biersteker https://www.giumelli.org/projects/cryptocurrencies-blockchain-technologies-and-sanctions monthly 0.5 2020-09-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599415688247-N318KB9QJ5NZON3NWYP9/image-asset.jpeg Projects - Cryptocurrencies, Blockchain Technologies and Sanctions - Cryptocurrencies, Blockchain Technologies and International Sanctions: Towards New or Old Financial/Security Infrastuctures? Since the advent of Bitcoin in 2009, cryptocurrencies have gained attention for both the promises and pathologies these novel digital tokens offer in enabling peer-to-peer transactions in near real-time. Their largely distributed nature and lack of single overarching authority has contributed to associations of cryptocurrencies with transnational illicit activities. In addition to being implicated in several money laundering and terrorism financing schemes, cryptocurrencies are being harnessed by a number of governments seeking to circumvent international sanctions regimes imposed by the United Nations, United States and the European Union. At the same time, and in response to the advent of sanctions-evasion schemes utilizing cryptocurrencies, the US has enhanced sanction against Iranian actors while the EU has elaborated restrictive measures targeting financial crimes carried out with cryptocurrencies. How can we understand the roles of cryptocurrencies in both strengthening and circumventing international sanctions? Drawing on policy documents, as well as interviews with experts and practitioners in operating across the financial, security and sanctions worlds, this paper provides a first mapping of formal and informal efforts to both create new, and reinforce existing, financial/security infrastructures around cryptocurrencies and their underlying blockchain technologies. Harnessing conceptual insights from the study of infrastructures in Science & Technology Studies, our analysis points to both the possibilities and limits of geographically dispersed, socio-technical activities for effecting change in contemporary international power and legitimacy. Project with: Malcolm Campbell-Verduyn https://www.giumelli.org/projects/un-sanctions-evasion monthly 0.5 2020-09-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f4ed334dd273d5127958168/1599415432084-QJ0SK78WZIQYNTPP05CB/190311-north-korea-ship-to-ship-mn-1615_dd87d89b6c6028670ed3a2ec9821469e.fit-760w.jpg Projects - UN Sanctions Evasion - Mapping UN Sanctions Evasion Sanctions busting is as old as sanctions. While we tend to think of sanctions as exceptional measures that require special considerations, the imposition of a sanctions is nothing more than the imposition of some sort of regulation of international trade. Sanctions are evaded in the very same ways in which any other trade regulations are evaded. However, very little research has been done connecting the literature on international political economy and the one on international security on sanctions. The aim of this paper is to fill this gap by ‘normalizing’ the understanding of sanctions as a conventional tool of trade regulation. This paper aims to collect evidence of sanctions evasions that will enhance our understanding of how sanctions work, the extent to which they can be evaded and how they contribute to the criminalization of local economies. The case study for this exercise is the United Sanctions since the end of ‘90s. The empirical evidence of this study comes from the 201 reports prepared by the Panels of Experts from 1999 till 2019 as well as desk research and interviews on sanctions evasion.